Selasa, 16 April 2013
Servant: Rider (Fate/Zero)
Real Identity: Iskander/Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great was the son of King Philip II of Macedon. He was tutored by the Greek philosopher Aristotle until the age of 16.
When Philip died in 336 BCE, he had managed to complete the goal of the conquest of Greece. This left the task of conquering Persia to his son, Alexander. At the age of 20, Alexander succeeded Philip as ruler of an expanding empire. At his disposal was an experienced army and generalship of Greece, and by using his authority, set into action his father's military plans. Assembling an army of 48,000 well-equipped, high-spirited, veteran warriors, he invaded the Persian-held Asia-Minor in 334 BCE.
By 333 BCE, Alexander had managed to conquer Ionia and Anatolia (Turkey); by 332, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt fell; and by 331 BCE he managed to take control of Mesopotamia, and prepared for the invasion of the Persian homeland. By 331 he took Pasargadae and burned the palace at Persepolis, and by 330 BCE, established himself as the new emperor of Persia.
Alexander had even bigger ambitions; seeking to find the "ends of the world and the Great Outer Sea (Oceanus)", he marched his army into India and across the Indus River, proceeding into the Punjab. While he managed to subject the local rulers there, he discontinued his campaign due to the refusal to continue from his remaining forces. Alexander's conquests had finally come to an end.
By 324 BCE, Alexander and his army had returned to Susa in Mesopotamia, where they celebrated their victories through almost nonstop feasting. By this time, Alexander's empire was the largest the world had ever seen. The Conqueror himself busied himself with plans of governance and future exploration. However, in June of 323 BCE, he suddenly fell ill, and died at the age of 33.
Even though Alexander had died a young man, he had had a meteoric career. He had proven himself to be a brilliant strategist and inspiring leader. Alexander had also created the largest empire the world had ever seen by that time. In addition, he had established numerous cities in the lands he conquered, and reportedly named about 70 of them Alexandria in his own honor. More importantly, however, his conquests had linked the cultures of far fledged societies, and started what historians refer to as the "Hellenistic Era."
Sources:
Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past - Fourth Editionhttp://bit.ly/XwQkxX
http://bit.ly/ZvcT0Y
http://www.facebook.com/FateZero.FZ
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